The Common English Bible and Anglican scholarship

ENS:

The hardest problems in biblical translation aren't about the English, they're about the Greek or the Hebrew, according to one Episcopalian involved in production of the new Common English Bible.

Firstly, said the Rev. Dr. William F. Brosend II, translators have to agree on which Hebrew or Greek text to use, and even after that choice is made, questions arise because scholars disagree on some of the words in those manuscripts.

"That's probably where most conversation happens, not which English word to use," Brosend said of translation work in a recent interview.

Brosend, associate professor of homiletics at the University of the South's School of Theology, was one of 17 Anglicans and Episcopalians, among 120 scholars drawn from 24 denominations, involved in the project. More than 500 readers in 77 groups later field-tested their work. Two of those groups were led by Episcopalians. The complete list of translators and group leaders with their denominational affiliations is here.

The 4-year, $3.5 million project was run by the Common English Bible Committee, whose goal was to create what it calls a "denomination-neutral" Bible. The translation was funded by the Church Resources Development Corp, which allows for cooperation among denominational publishers in the development and distribution of Bibles, curriculum, and worship materials. The committee is an alliance of five publishers that serve the general market, as well as the publishing arms of the Disciples of Christ (Chalice Press), the Presbyterian Church (Westminster John Knox Press), the Episcopal Church (Church Publishing Inc.), the United Church of Christ (Pilgrim Press) and the United Methodist Church (Abingdon Press), according to a press release.

And, because of the technology available today, nearly all of the translators' work was done virtually.

"I never went to a meeting," Brosend said. "It was all done using [Microsoft] Word and a heavy-duty lot of 'track changes' so that in the passing back and forth, by the time we were looking at being ready to sign off on our work, there was more on the side in the track changes [area] than there was in the text."

Translators worked in small teams on individual books of the Bible. Brosend was paired with Duane F. Watson of the Malone University Department of Theology and Emerson Powery of Messiah College (http://www.messiah.edu) to translate Jude and 2 Peter. They were assigned those epistles based on the fact that they have done work on those books in the past, he said.

While Brosend said that translators have most of their conversations about which Hebrew and Greek words to translate, he said that there are times when they have to decide how to translate those words into English.

New Testament-only print editions of the Common English Bible were released a year ago. The complete translation debuted online and on 20 digital platforms in June. Paperback formats became available in mid-July. The entire translation is now in its third printing. Six other editions, including one with the Apocrypha became available in August.

Comments (14)

Not quite why this translation was necessary or that it holds a candle to the NRSV -- in either scholarship or clarity. With the plethora of fine translations out there today, do we really need another?

Also, I found its translation of the "clobber passages" a bit frustrating. 1 Corinthians 6:9-11: 9 "Don’t you know that people who are unjust won’t inherit God’s kingdom? Don’t be deceived. Those who are sexually immoral, those who worship false gods, adulterers, both participants in same-sex intercourse,h10 thieves, the greedy, drunks, abusive people, and swindlers won’t inherit God’s kingdom. 11 That is what some of you used to be! But you were washed clean, you were made holy to God, and you were made right with God in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and in the Spirit of our God."

Really? Both participants in same-sex intercourse? I may not be a New Testament scholar, but from what I've read, that's not an accurate description. (h- endnote clarifies: dominant and submissive partners, which just reinforces a paradigm that there are dominant and submissive. So irritating)

I'll stick with my NRSV, supplemented with The Source.

-Gregory Stark

Sorry to hear this Gregory -- I liked the translation of the creation stories in Genesis - but the Corinthians sounds like bad scholarship.

@ Christ Epting "Not quite why this translation was necessary or that it holds a candle to the NRSV -- in either scholarship or clarity."

Right on! The NRSV does for most everything. The R.E.B. is good for comparative translation of difficult passages.

Sometimes I've found The J.B. Phillips NT to be kind of neat --if I'm looking for a slightly eccentric translation as an attention getter e.g. Phillips' Galatians "Oh you dear idiots of Galatia...who has been casting a spell over you?"

The translation given above for Corinthians is a definite problem maker, not a problem solver. I'm reminded of the NIV which opts for the "parthenos" or "virgin" translation of Isaiah 7:14 rather than the "ha-almah" of the Hebrew text "young woman". The decision favors a conservative view.

Bruce Metzger published a really great little book titled "The Bible in Translation" (Baker Academic. 2001). Folks interested in this may find it a good read.

I can't stand the way Christian teachers have taught us to approach the Scriptures. This is completely ridiculous. If Paul sucks, or some Judean scribe had a bad day, then for some reason we're all expected to suffer for it, or tease out "meanings" from their drivel. Religious history, and the Bible, are full of both Jimmy Swaggart's and St. Francis's, but apparently, since someone was the first to write something down, that means they're more knowledgeable than anyone else will ever be EVER. I cannot believe that God works this way. Tell me why some of you do.

Clint Davis "I cannot believe that God works this way. Tell me why some of you do."

Clint, all I can say is that hopefully some of us don't.

I was really looking forward to the CEV when I heard about it through ENS. When I got my copy of the CEV I was very disappointed with the clobber passages too. I felt like I had a copy of the "Good News Bible" instead. Clearly there was bias on the part of the interpreters. I will stick to the NRSV for a literal English translation, and the Message as opposed to the CEV.

Eric

Clint,
One of the fundamental marks of the Church is the Canon. That means that, in common with the rest of the faithful through the ages, these are the texts with which we must wrestle. It doesn't mean that we will always agree with them, but it does mean that we believe God is encountered in our struggle with them.

Clint, I empathize with Derek's point, and there was a time when I would have left it at that; but I think there is another layer of complexity. When we wrestle with sacred stories and mythology, no matter how normative, whether the myth of a religious tradition the mythology of a nation, we must also be prepared to wrestle with honesty.

I like the like the point you make in your first post
"apparently, since someone was the first to write something down, that means they're more knowledgeable than anyone else will ever be EVER." Interesting emphasis, and an important one.

For example, on the various issues of sexuality, it is my contention that the bible is silent on what we today refer to as "sexual orientation". What is required is to wrestle with a variety of texts to see if we can squeeze out of them some basic notions like faithfulness, commitment, covenant love. We then must wrestle honestly in the attempt to reconcile these general values with contemporary insight and experience into the human condition--information that may be seminal in, or absent from, or at radical variance with the experience of scripture writers.

Scripture is the word--its just not the last word.

The NRSV is an excellent translation of the Bible and doesn not seem to have a denominational bent. The CEV does not improve it and gives a 21st century interpretation in some passages (like the ones on sexuality) that is just incorrect and not credible to the first century.

I couldn't have said it better myself Judith.....

It's not the Canon per se that I have a problem with, it's the way Christian teachers approach the Scriptures that is problematic for me. Derek and Rod's remarks that allow room for disagreement with the Biblical authors are much more sensible to me than any idea of biblical inerrancy or what have you. Paul is one of our most important teachers and figures but he's not God. He's an excellent place to begin discussion but he's not the last word. Reasons to overrule his ideas might have to be glaringly obvious, but they can still be overruled. Etc. Etc. Why doesn't anyone have the guts to stand up for this approach to the scriptures?

Paul himself engages in wrestling with the Scriptures within the context of a community--and he was not unopposed. Changes in interpretation do come and they happen as a community. Besides, when we move to quickly overrule we may miss layers of meaning and other possible interpretations.

As to another version, we need one of modern English with the poetry of the Authorized Version and the Coverdale Psalter. The NRSV is not a liturgical translation in the same way imho.

I wish that the Church would authorize us to read THE MESSAGE at Morning Prayer.
Jere Ownby

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